Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) is the second most common type of dementia after Alzheimer’ s disease, and its incidence is increasing annually. Cognitive rehabilitation is a crucial therapeutic approach for patients with VCI. Traditional cognitive rehabilitation methods are often monotonous, unengaging, and have limited efficacy. In recent years, novel rehabilitation technologies such as virtual reality, non-invasive transcranial stimulation, and visual feedback balance training have gained prominence. Multimodal combination therapy has shown superior improvement effects. This article reviews the application of these new rehabilitation technologies in the treatment of VCI patients, aiming to provide reference value for their clinical rehabilitation.