Abstract
To systematically evaluate the correlation between tremor severity and three
monoaminergic neurotransmitters (dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine) in Parkinson’s disease (PD).
Methods: Studies analyzing the correlation between PD tremor and these three monoaminergic
neurotransmitters were searched, and a meta-analysis was conducted. Results: A total of 26 studies were
included, involving 1878 participants. The meta-analysis revealed no correlation between contralateral putamen
dopamine function and PD tremor [r=-0.05, 95%CI (-0.13, 0.03), P=0.194]. Subgroup analysis demonstrated
a positive correlation between ipsilateral caudate dopamine function and PD tremor in the early stage of the
disease (disease duration≤5 years) [r=0.17, 95%CI (0.10, 0.25), P<0.001]. The results of the correlation analysis
between raphe nuclei serotonergic function and PD tremor were unstable [random-effects model: r=-0.23, 95%
CI (-0.44, 0.02), P=0.067; fixed-effects model: r=-0.14, 95%CI (-0.23, -0.04), P=0.004]. The tracers used
in studies investigating the correlation between noradrenergic function and PD tremor varied significantly, so a
systematic review was conducted for this part. Conclusion: The relationship between PD tremor and
dopaminergic function may be influenced by brain region and disease duration. In the early stage of the disease,
ipsilateral caudate dopamine function is positively correlated with PD tremor severity. The relationships between
PD tremor and both serotonergic and noradrenergic functions require further investigation, and it is crucial to use
consistent and specific tracers.
Key words
Parkinson’s disease /
tremor /
monoamine neurotransmitter /
systematic review /
Meta-analysis
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CAO Shuangshuang 1, 2 , CUI Yusha 2 , YAN Rui 2 , WANG Mingyu 3 , FENG Tao 2.
Correlation between Tremor and Monoaminergic Neurotransmitters in Parkinson’s Disease: a
Systematic Review and Meta-analysis[J]. Neural Injury and Functional Reconstruction. 2025, 20(12): 724-731
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