To investigate the current status and influencing factors of suicidal ideation among adolescents in Hefei City. Methods: A total of 7,431 middle school students from Hefei City were selected as research subjects. The Positive and Negative Suicide Ideation (PANSI), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ), and Temporal Experience of Pleasure Scale (TEPS) were administered to assess the influencing factors of suicidal ideation. Results: The detection rate of adolescents with suicidal ideation was 17.02% (1,265/7,431). Aadolescents with suicidal ideation scored higher on anhedonia and its subscales, depressive symptoms, childhood abuse, and all dimensions compared to those without suicidal ideation (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis indicated that being male and living in urban areas are protective factors against suicidal ideation; having depressive symptoms, experiencing childhood abuse, and high levels of anhedonia are risk factors for suicidal ideation. Conclusion: The detection rate of suicidal ideation among adolescents in Hefei City is relatively high, and various internal and external factors are related to suicidal ideation.