To investigate the characteristics of visual emotional recognition ability and changes in regional homogeneity (ReHo) in resting-state brains of first-episode schizophrenia (FES) patients, as well as their correlation. Methods: Patients with FES and healthy controls were enrolled in the FES group and HC group, respectively, with 32 cases in each group. Both groups underwent a visual emotional recognition task and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data were collected. The data were preprocessed and individual ReHo values were calculated. The differences in visual emotional recognition scores and whole-brain ReHo values between the two groups were compared, and the ReHo values of the inter-group different brain regions were extracted for correlation analysis with the visual emotional recognition scores. Results: Compared with the HC group, the FES group had lower positive emotional recognition scores, non-positive emotional recognition scores, and total emotional recognition scores (P<0.05). Compared with the HC group, the FES group showed decreased ReHo in the right postcentral gyrus, precentral gyrus, medial frontal gyrus, and paracentral lobule, and increased ReHo in the bilateral parahippocampal gyrus and left putamen (Alphasim multiple comparison correction, P<0.05). There was a significant negative correlation between the non-positive emotional recognition score and the ReHo value of the left putamen in the FES group (r=－0.471, P=0.031). Con? clusion: FES patients have emotional recognition impairment and changes in ReHo across multiple brain regions, among which the increased ReHo value in the left putamen is relevant to the deficit in non-positive emotion recognition in schizophrenia patients.