Nogo-A plays a crucial role in the inhibitory microenvironment in the central nervous system and is considered to be the most important barrier for neural regeneration. This review discusses the different domains, receptors and following signal pathways of Nogo-A, as well as their roles in apoptosis, motility and cytoskeleton polymerization, thereby inducing growth cone collapse and ultimately inhibiting axon regrowth. Therefore, Nogo-A would be promising targets for neural regeneration.