Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease. Neuroinflammation is a key factor affecting the progression of AD. In recent years, a number of studies have identified the infiltration of peripheral T lymphocytes and their subsets in the brain parenchyma of AD patients, which confirmed that peripheral immune cells can cross the blood-brain barrier and participate in the regulation of central neuroinflammation, affecting the progression of AD. In this review, we will describe the research progress on the correlation between T lymphocytes, their subsets and the development of AD, and summarize the correlation between inflammation and the main therapeutic drugs for AD.