Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is a disease characterized by persistent and invalidating fatigue, which seriously affects the physical and mental health of patients. Most previous studies on CFS have focused on adults, while fewer have been conducted on adolescents. Researches show that the incidence of CFS in adolescents is increasing year by year. Due to the difficulty in diagnosis and improper treatment, some patients with CFS have poor prognosis. It is of great necessity to strengthen the research on CFS in adolescents. This review summarizes the diagnostic criteria, reasons of missed diagnosis, and research progress of CFS in adolescents, in order to provide new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of CFS in adolescents.