To explore the relationship between parental rearing behavior, family functions, and dysfunctional attitudes in patients with depression. Methods: 680 patients with depressive disorder were recruited and scored using Egna Minnen av Barndoms Uppfostran(EMBU), family assessment device (FAD), and dysfunctional attitudes scale (DAS). A structural equation model was established to analyze the interrelationship among parental rearing behavior, family function, and dysfunctional attitude. Results: The total score and dimensions of DAS were positively correlated with the scores of positive parenting factor in EMBU, negatively correlated with the scores of negative parenting factor, and positively correlated with score of FAD (|r| =0.082～0.272, all P<0.01). Scores of FAD were negatively correlated with the scores of positive parenting factor and positively correlated with the scores of negative parenting factor (|r|=0.293~0.659, all P< 0.01). Bootstrap analysis revealed that the mediating effect of family function between parental rearing behavior and dysfunctional attitudes accounted for 89.4% of the total effect. Conclusion: The dysfunctional attitude of patients with depression is related to negative parental rearing and poor family function, and family function partially mediates the relationship between parental rearing behavior and dysfunctional attitudes.