To investigate the etiology and clinical and imaging features of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) in non-neurological hospitalized patients, so as to improve the ability of clinicians to identify and diagnose CVST. Methods: The clinical and imaging data of patients with CVST who were hospitalized due to non-neurological diseases were retrospectively analyzed along with relevant literature. Results: A total of 6 patients with CVST were included. The primary diseases were glomerulonephritis (2 cases), leukemia (1 case), postpartum (1 case), antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (1 case), and multiple injuries (1 case). Headache (4 cases) was the most common clinical manifestation. Of the 5 patients who received the D-dimer test, 4 showed increased D-dimer levels. Magnetic resonance venography (MRV) showed that 4 cases were multiple thrombosis, and that the transverse sinus (5 cases) was most frequently involved, followed by the superior sagittal sinus (3 cases) and sigmoid sinus (3 cases). Apart from 1 patient who was left with a certain disability at the time of discharge, the other 5 patients showed good prognosis. According to previous related case reports, the transverse sinus is the most commonly affected site of pregnancy-related CVST, and refractory intracranial hypertension is often a characteristic clinical manifestation of traumatic CVST patients. CVST patients with antiphospholipid antibody syndrome are prone to extensive cerebral venous sinus thrombosis and cortical venous thrombosis. Asparaginase drug therapy is an important factor in the occurrence of CVST in patients with acute leukemia. Conclusion: The etiology of CVST is complex and its clinical manifestations are diverse. Headache is the most common clinical manifestation. There may be some overlap between the clinical manifestations of CVST and the primary disease. Improving the ability of non-neurologists to recognize CVST is of great significance for a timely diagnosis.