To observe the clinical features of anemia complicated with cerebral infarction and analyze the correlation between anemia and prognosis in patients with cerebral infarction. Methods: The clinical data of 180 patients with cerebral infarction were retrospectively analyzed. Clinical features of anemia complicated with cerebral infarction were analyzed. Based on the presence of anemia at admission, patients were divided into the anemia group (n=58) and non-anemia group (n=122), and the clinical data of the two groups were compared. According to the modified Rankin scale (mRS) score at 6 months after onset, patients were additionally divided into the poor prognosis group (mRS>2 points, n=45) and good prognosis group (mRS≤2 points, n=135). The correlation between anemia and prognosis was analyzed. Results: The degree of anemia in cerebral infarction combined with anemia was mostly moderate, and the type was mostly microcytic hypochromic anemia. The proportion of patients with motor, language, and consciousness disorders was relatively high. Lesions were mostly located in the anterior circulation of the brain and were mostly multiple infarcts. The age, NIHSS score at admission, and proportion of patients with chronic kidney disease in the anemia group were significantly greater than those in the non-anemia group (P<0.05). There were significant differences between the poor prognosis group and good prognosis group in age, NIHSS score at admission, diabetes, atrial fibrillation, recurrent cerebral infarction, anemia, and other factors (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that NIHSS score at admission, anemia, and recurrent cerebral infarction were independent predictors for poor prognosis in patients with cerebral infarction (P<0.05). Conclusion: Anemia is closely related to the age, severity of neurological deficit, and incidence of chronic kidney disease of patients with cerebral infarction. Patients with a high NIHSS score at admission, anemia, and recurrent cerebral infarction display a higher proportion of poor prognosis.