To discuss the feasibility of shear wave elastography (SWE) in evaluating the tibial nerve in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Methods：The study included 30 diabetic patients with DPN, 30 diabetes without DPN, and 30 healthy volunteers as the control group. The tibial nerve cross-sectional image was obtained at 4 cm proximal to the medial malleolus, and the cross-sectional area (CSA) was measured. SWE was used to detect the elastic modulus of the tibial nerve. Differences in the parameters between each group was compared. Results：Compared with the control group, the tibial nerve CSA of the DPN group was significantly increased (P<0.001) and the tibial nerve CSA of the non-DPN group was not statistically different (P>0.05). The tibial nerve stiffness values of the DPN group (93.5± 13.6) kPa was significantly higher than those of the non-DPN group and the control group (P<0.001), and the tibial stiffness values of the non-DPN group (54.7±10.6) kPa was significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.001). Conclusion：SWE technology can provide a reference for early diagnosis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy