To analyze the comprehensive therapy and treatment results of medulloblastoma (MB) in children. Methods: A total of 57 patients diagnosed with medulloblastoma from January 2014 to August 2017 were enrolled in this retrospective analysis among which 51 children had total resection and 6 children partial resection during initial treatment. Following surgery, patients accepted three-dimensional radiotherapy (3DCRT) and intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). During postoperative radiotherapy, patients underwent concurrent chemoradiotherapy or radiotherapy alone after which patients were treated with 5 courses of chemotherapy. The median follow-up period was 15 months. Results: Of all patients, the median survival length was 29.12 months. The 6-month, 1-, 2-, and 3-year overall survival rate was 91.23%, 73.68%, 54.38%, and 40.35%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that the overall survival rate of children with medulloblastoma was affected by the range of surgical resection (P=0.005), tumor size (P=0.048), and concurrent chemotherapy during postoperative radiotherapy (P=0.002). Multivariate analysis showed that the greater the tumor size, the worse the prognosis (P=0.041) and that simultaneous chemotherapy during postoperative radiotherapy could improve prognosis (P=0.002). Conclusion: Medulloblastoma in children is predominantly a high-grade tumor with poor prognosis and can cause considerable damage to the children’s nervous system. The treatment program should consist of comprehensive therapy combining surgical resection with chemotherapy and radiotherapy and also chemotherapy during postoperative radiotherapy to improve patient survival rate.