Parkinson's disease is a degenerative disorder of the central nervous system, often accompanied by a
variety of non-motor symptoms. Cognitive dysfunction is a significant non-motor symptom that severely impairs
patients' quality of life. However, the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease with cognitive impairment remains
unclear. The disruption of the blood-brain barrier is believed to mediate and participate in the development of
Parkinson's disease and Parkinson's disease with cognitive impairment, and it also influences disease progression.
S100 calcium-binding protein B, occludin, claudin-5, aquaporin-4, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and matrix
metalloproteinase-9 are all biomarkers reflecting blood-brain barrier disruption, and they also play crucial roles in
the pathophysiological processes of Parkinson's disease and Parkinson's disease with cognitive impairment. This
article will elaborate on the research progress regarding these specific proteins as peripheral biomarkers of
blood-brain barrier disruption and their correlation with the development of Parkinson's disease and Parkinson's
disease with cognitive impairment.
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