Post-stroke upper limb motor dysfunction is one of the most common sequelae following a stroke, primarily manifesting as flaccidity, weakness, spasticity, and shoulder pain in the upper limb, which severely impacts patients’ability to perform activities of daily living. Current treatment methods include medication, acupuncture, and physical/occupational therapy, but the rehabilitation process is often slow and costly. Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques hold promising application prospects for the rehabilitation of post-stroke upper limb motor dysfunction, among which repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) have garnered the most clinical attention. This article reviews the application of these two techniques in the rehabilitation of post-stroke upper limb motor dysfunction, discusses their clinical selection strategies, and explores future research directions that warrant greater focus.