To evaluate the clinical efficacy of 3D printed guide plate navigation technology in the application of percutaneous radiofrequency thermocoagulation (PRT) for the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia. Methods: A total of 35 patients with primary trigeminal neuralgia and indications for PRT treated in our hospital were selected as research subjects and randomly divided into a control group (15 cases) and an observation group (20 cases). The control group underwent PRT guided by digital subtraction angiography (DSA), while the observation group used 3D printed guide plate navigation-assisted PRT. The two groups were compared in terms of the success rate of one-time puncture, the time required for percutaneous puncture to reach the target, operation duration, number of DSA scans, intraoperative discomfort in patients, Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) scores immediately after surgery, at 3 days, and at 30 days post-surgery, therapeutic effect evaluation at 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery, surgical satisfaction, adverse reactions, and the incidence of complications. Results: The success rate of one-time puncture in the observation group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.01); the observation group had lower times for puncture to reach the target, operation duration, number of DSA scans, intraoperative discomfort, adverse reactions after surgery, and NRS scores immediately after surgery and at 3 days post-surgery than the control group (P<0.01); the incidence of adverse reactions after surgery in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.01). There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in NRS scores at 1 month after surgery, therapeutic effect evaluation at 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery, satisfaction, and secondary surgeries (P>0.05). Conclusion: 3D printed guide plate navigation technology-assisted PRT helps increase the efficiency and safety of the surgery for trigeminal neuralgia, reduce pain and adverse reactions, and has a good prospect for clinical application.