To analyze the factors related to dysphagia after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods: A total of 106 patients with TBI were retrospectively analyzed. The recorded clinical data included patient sex, age, disease course, degree of injury, type of injury (open or closed), treatment (emergency surgery, conservative treatment, or elective surgery), whether the patient received rehabilitation, paralytic side, complications (urinary tract infection, lung infection), swallowing function (functional oral intake scale), cognitive function (Rancho Los Amigos cognitive function grades), speech function (grades of Boston aphasia severity), limb motor function (Brunnstrom stages), functionality in activities of daily living (Barthel index), albumin, white blood cells, neutrophils, D-dimer, sodium, fibrinogen, and uric acid. Univariate analysis followed by linear stepwise regression was conducted to screen the factors related to the degree of dysphagia and prognosis of craniocerebral injury. The functional oral intake scale was used as the dependent variable. Results: The univariate analysis showed that the degree of injury, paralytic side, cognitive function grade, aphasia severity, Barthel index, limb motor function, lung infection, urinary tract infection, albumin, fibrinogen, white blood cells, neutrophils, uric acid, D-dimer, and sodium were significantly correlated with the functional oral intake scale (P<0.05). The linear stepwise regression analysis showed that right-sided paralysis, cognitive function grades, Barthel index, and aphasia severity were correlated with dysphagia. Conclusion: Right-sided paralysis, cognitive impairment, speech disorder, and functionality in actives of daily life were the factors related to dysphagia after TBI.