To assess the proportion and prognosis of sensorineural hearing loss and neurological complications caused by various sports activities. Methods: The clinical data of 675 patients with hearing impairment caused by sports activities, including age, sex, symptoms, signs, types of sports activities, types of hearing loss, complications, and therapeutic efficacy were collected. The differences between various sports activities were analyzed. Results: Among all patients, the primary population affected was aged 20-40 years, predominantly males. Common sports activities leading to hearing loss included skiing, ice skating, soccer, basketball, volleyball, scuba diving, diving, parachuting, mountaineering, disco dancing, and shooting. In the ice/ snow group (i.e., skiing, ice skating), ball group (i.e., soccer, basketball, volleyball), noise group (i.e., disco dancing, shooting), and abnormal pressure group (i.e., scuba diving, diving, parachuting, mountaineering), sensorineural hearing loss accounted for 80.5%, 82.6%, 96.8%, and 41.5%, respectively. The cure rates were 13.1%, 12.4%, 5.6%, and 14.1%, the effective rates were 23.5%, 21.7%, 21.1%, and 21.8%, and the ineffective rates were 63.4% , 65.8% , 73.3% , and 64.1% , in the ice/snow, ball, noise, and abnormal pressure groups, respectively. Sensorineural hearing loss in the abnormal stress group mainly came from the scuba diving population. The incidence of sensorineural hearing loss was higher (P<0.05), while the cure rate was lower in the noise group than in the other three groups (P<0.05). Neurological complications mainly included intracranial injury, temporal bone fracture, facial paralysis, and cranial nerve injury, with an incidence rate of 59.5% in the ice and snow group and 55.9% in the ball group. Sequelae included tinnitus, ear fullness, and vertigo, with incidence rates of 23.7%, 22.1%, 84.6%, and 24.6% in the ice/snow, ball, noise, and abnormal pressure groups, respectively. Conclusion: Sensorineural hearing loss was predominant in the ice/snow, ball, and noise groups, as well as the scuba diving population in the abnormal pressure group. The cure rate was low, especially in the noise group. The ice/snow and ball groups often presented with a series of neurological complications. Sequelae were common in all four groups, with tinnitus being the most prominent in the noise group.