To analyze research status and direction of development of acupuncture in the treatment of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) using CiteSpace. Methods: Data from literature from the CNKI database dated up to January 2021 were imported into CiteSpace for visual analysis, and the authors, institutions, time curve, research hotspots, and future trends were analyzed by cooperation network, keyword clustering, keyword co-occurrence, and other analysis methods. Results: As of January 2021, 546 articles on acupuncture treatment of CFS were retrieved, and 493 articles were included after screening. The author's visual analysis showed that 4 authors were cited ≥7 times, and 10 authors published ≥13 articles. Visual analysis of research institutions showed that 10 research institutions published ≥5 times and 5 research institutions published ≥45 articles. The main research hotspots of acupuncture in the treatment of CFS include CFS, acupuncture, moxibustion, stress, and immune mechanism. Since the establishment of the database, the top 10 keywords were CF, cupping, experimental research, electroacupuncture, stress, randomized controlled trials, acupoint catgut embedding, moxibustion, abdominal acupuncture, and improved snake moxibustion. Conclusion: The main treatment methods are moxibustion and abdominal acupuncture, and the acupoints are sun's abdominal acupoints and Jin's three needles. The etiology and pathogenesis are at the brain-gut axis, intestinal flora, and HPA axis. The comorbidity is anxiety and depression. There is a lack of research on preventative acupuncture treatment of CFS. The research data on acupuncture and moxibustion treatment of CFS is abundant; the treatment methods are diverse, and the proportion of basic research and clinical research is balanced. However, there is limited communication between research institutions and researchers.