To assess therapeutic effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) combined with neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) on dysphagia after unilateral stroke. Methods: A total of 96 patients with poststroke dysphagia were enrolled. They were randomly divided into the (rTMS + NMES) group, rTMS group, or NMES group (each n=32) and treated respectively with rTMS and NMES, rTMS and sham NMES, or sham rTMS and NMES. At baseline, 2 weeks after treatment, and 1 month after treatment, the standardized swallowing assessment (SSA), videofluoroscopic swallow study (VFSS), and Rosenbek’s penetration aspiration scale (PAS) were used to assess swallowing function. Results: Ninety cases were enrolled in the analysis. At baseline, 2 weeks after treatment, and 1 month after treatment, SSA score (F(2,86)= 322.85, P<0.001) and PAS score (F(2,86)=482.44, P<0.001) were significantly decreased in all 3 groups. After 2 weeks of treatment, PAS and SSA scores in the (rTMS+NMES) group were lower than that of both the rTMS group (PSSA=0.031, PPAS=0.000) and NMES group (PSSA=0.007, PPAS=0.001). Conclusion: High frequency rTMS stimulation followed immediately by NMES therapy in the affected side can significantly improve swallowing function, and its efficacy is superior to that of rTMS or NMES alone.