To analyze the current state of anxiety and depression among nurses in designated hospitals for novel coronavirus pneumonia and analyze its causes and propose countermeasures. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used to evaluate the current state of anxiety and depression among nurses in a designated hospital in Wuhan by using the 9-item patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9) and the 7-item generalized anxiety disorder scale (GHD-7). Results: Within this hospital, 35.4% of nurses have depression symptoms and 33.6% have anxiety symptoms. There was no statistical difference in the detection rate of anxiety and depression between frontline nurses and non-frontline nurses, as non-frontline nurses also showed significant anxiety and depression. The anxiety and depression experienced by nurses were affected by gender, age, marital status, contact with patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia, infection in colleagues, and their own relevant symptoms. Conclusion: The nurses in the designated hospital for novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, including both frontline and non-frontline nurses, suffer apparent anxiety and depression. Hospitals should establish an emergency psychological intervention system to carry out extensive preventive psychological intervention and strengthen training in infection-related knowledge and skills to relieve nurses' anxiety and depression.