To investigate the expression of angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in the hippocampus of rats with temporal lobe epilepsy and its effect on temporal lobe epilepsy. Methods: Sixty male Wistar rats were obtained. Intraperitoneal injections of LiCl-pilocarpine or normal saline were administered to generate the temporal lobe epilepsy model group and control group, respectively. Rat behavior change was observed, and dynamic changes in the expression of Ang-1 and VEGF in the hippocampus were analyzed. Results: Epilepsy model group animals displayed sluggish behavior, decreased activity, fixed gaze, scratching motion in forearms, or imbalance and other abnormal behaviors. A portion of these rats also showed peripheral cholinergic reactions, but these symptoms presented at a lesser degree and spontaneously resolved after several minutes. Control group animals displayed no seizures. At 1 hour, the model group showed decreased Ang-1 expression compared to the control group (P<0.05); at 3 days, expression reached its lowest level, then gradually increased (P<0.05); at 18 days, expression approached normal levels (P<0.05). At 1 day, VEGF expression was increased (P<0.05); at 3 days, expression reached its highest level (P<0.05) then gradually decreased; at 18 days, expression level was close to normal (P<0.05). Conclusion: Ang-1 expression decreases with frequent tics and returns to normal levels with reduced tics. VEGF expression increases with frequent tics and returns to normal levels with reduced tics. The expression of Ang-1 and VEGF demonstrates a negative linear correlation.