重复经颅磁刺激（repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation，rTMS）作为一种非侵入性的神经调控技 术，通过变化的磁场来调节特定脑区的神经元活动，从而实现大脑区域的兴奋性或抑制性调控，为脑卒中康 复带来新的治疗途径。在脑卒中rTMS治疗中，通过调整刺激频率、刺激强度、刺激时长和刺激位置这些参 数，以及个性化康复方案优化，可以实现一定的治疗效果。本文主要针对rTMS的基本原理、rTMS在脑卒中 康复中的作用机制、rTMS在脑卒中运动功能、语言功能和认知功能康复中的应用、rTMS参数设置和康复方 案设计优化、临床实践中存在的问题和展望等5个方面内容及相关研究进展进行综述，以期为临床医生提 供更加有效的脑卒中rTMS治疗策略、提高脑卒中患者的生活质量和功能恢复水平提供帮助。

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), as a non-invasive neuromodulation technique, regulates the activity of the neurons in specific brain regions through varying magnetic fields, thereby achieves excitatory or inhibitory modulation in targeted brain areas. which offers a novel therapeutic approach for stroke rehabilitation. In rTMS treatment for stroke, significant therapeutic effects can be achieved by adjusting parameters such as the frequency, intensity, duration, and location of the stimulation, as well as optimizing personalized rehabilitation protocols. This paper reviews the fundamental principles of rTMS, the mechanisms of rTMS in stroke rehabilitation, the clinical applications of rTMS in the rehabilitation of motor function, language function, and cognitive function in patients with stroke, the optimization of rTMS parameter settings and rehabilitation protocol design, as well as the current challenges and the future prospects in clinical practice of rTMS, in order to help clinicians provide more effective rTMS treatment for stroke, thereby improve patients' quality of life and functional recovery.