目的：研究伴非自杀性自伤（NSSI）青少年抑郁症患者疼痛共情能力的特征。方法：纳入青少年抑郁 症伴有 NSSI 的患者 34 例（病例组），以及与患者年龄、性别、受教育水平相匹配的健康对照 27 名（对照 组）。采用青少年自我伤害问卷评估患者自伤频率及严重程度；采用中文版人际反应指针量表（IRI-C）评 估共情能力；采用疼痛共情范式评估疼痛共情能力，以判断任务正确率、反应时和疼痛评级得分作为疼痛 共情指标；采用Pearson相关分析患者疼痛判断和左右判断的正确率、反应时和疼痛评级得分与青少年自 我伤害问卷得分及IRI-C各因子得分的关系。结果：病例组在IRI-C量表的观点选择、想象力因子上得分 均低于对照组（P＜0.05）。在疼痛判断任务上，病例组对疼痛图片判断的正确率低于对照组（P＜0.05）；在 左右判断任务上，病例组对疼痛图片判断的正确率低于对照组（P＜0.05）。病例组青少年自伤问卷得分与 疼痛判断任务中疼痛图片的反应时间呈正相关（P＜0.01），与正确率呈负相关（P＜0.05）；IRI-C中个人痛 苦得分与反应时呈负相关（P＜0.05），观点选择、共情关注、个人痛苦与判断正确率呈正相关（P＜0.01）。 结论：伴NSSI的青少年抑郁症患者疼痛共情能力降低。

To study the characteristics of pain empathy ability in adolescents with depression and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI). Methods: Thirty-four patients with adolescent depression accompanied by NSSI (case group) and 27 healthy controls matched in age, gender, and education level (control group) were included. The frequency and severity of self-injury in patients were assessed with the Adolescent Self-Harm Questionnaire; empathy ability was evaluated using the Chinese version of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI-C); pain empathy ability was assessed using a pain empathy paradigm, with task accuracy, reaction time, and pain rating scores as indicators of pain empathy; Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between patients’pain judgment and left-right judgment accuracy, reaction time, pain rating scores, and scores on the Adolescent Self-Harm Questionnaire and IRI-C factors. Results: The case group scored lower than the control group on the perspective taking and fantasy subscales of the IRI-C scale (P< 0.05). In the pain judgment task, the accuracy of pain picture judgment in the case group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05); in the left-right judgment task, the accuracy of pain picture judgment in the case group was also lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). In the case group, there was a positive correlation between scores on the Adolescent Self-Harm Questionnaire and reaction time to pain pictures in the pain judgment task (P<0.01), and a negative correlation with accuracy (P<0.05); in the IRI-C, personal distress scores were negatively correlated with reaction time (P<0.05, while perspective taking, empathy concern, and personal distress were positively correlated with judgment accuracy (P<0.01). Conclusion: Adolescents with depression and NSSI have reduced pain empathy ability.