孤独症谱系障碍（autism spectrum disorder，ASD）是一种神经发育障碍疾病，其患病率近年来显著上 升。ASD的病因涉及遗传、环境及神经发育等多个因素，然而具体的发病机制仍不明确，目前尚无安全有效 的治疗方法。研究显示，基于“微生物-肠-脑轴”机制，通过调节肠道微生物及其代谢产物，可以恢复肠道菌 群的平衡，从而调节中枢神经系统改善ASD的症状。细胞自噬是维持细胞和蛋白质稳态的重要代谢系统， 参与多种神经发育性疾病的遗传及分子机制，也与ASD相关行为和疾病发展密切相关。本文旨在探讨肠 道菌群、细胞自噬与ASD之间的关系，分析二者在ASD中的调控作用，并探讨通过肠道菌群影响细胞自噬 以缓解ASD症状的可能性，为ASD的治疗提供新思路。

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder, and its prevalence has increased significantly in recent years. The etiology of ASD involves multiple factors such as genetics, the environment, and neurodevelopment. However, the specific pathogenesis remains unclear, and currently, there are no safe and effective treatment methods. Studies have shown that based on the "microbiota-gut-brain axis" mechanism, regulating the intestinal microbiota and its metabolites can restore the balance of the gut microbiome, thereby modulating the central nervous system to improve ASD symptoms. Autophagy is an essential metabolic system for maintaining cellular and protein homeostasis. It is involved in the genetic and molecular mechanisms of various neurodevelopmental disorders and is also closely related to ASD-related behaviors and disease progression. This paper aims to explore the relationships among intestinal microbiota, autophagy, and ASD, analyze their regulatory roles in ASD, and investigate the possibility of alleviating ASD symptoms by influencing autophagy through the intestinal microbiota, providing new ideas for the treatment of ASD.