维生素D作为一种脂溶性类固醇激素，不仅对骨骼健康至关重要，还可能影响糖尿病及其并发症的 发生和发展。研究显示，VD缺乏可能参与胰岛素抵抗和胰岛β细胞功能损害从而导致1型和2型糖尿病的 发生。补充VD可能有助于预防1型糖尿病和改善2型糖尿病患者的血糖控制。本文就VD与糖尿病及其 相关并发症的研究进展作一综述。

As a fat-soluble steroid hormone, vitamin D is crucial not only for bone health but also may influence the occurrence and development of diabetes mellitus and its complications. Studies have shown that vitamin D deficiency may be involved in insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, leading to the development of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Vitamin D supplementation may help prevent type 1 diabetes and improve blood glucose control in patients with type 2 diabetes. This article reviews the research progress on vitamin D and diabetes mellitus and its related complications.