光学相干断层扫描血管造影（optical coherence tomography angiography，OCTA）技术，在非侵入性高分 辨率成像方面，已成为视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病（neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders，NMOSD）诊断及治疗 监测的关键工具。本综述聚焦于OCTA在揭示视网膜微血管变化及其在NMOSD管理中的应用，OCTA提供 的视网膜血流动态信息，为制定个性化治疗方案提供了科学依据，可与传统影像学形成很好的互补。应进一 步探究其在NMOSD中应用的必要性及潜在价值。

The technology of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) has become a key tool in the non-invasive, high-resolution imaging for the diagnosis and treatment monitoring of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD). This review focuses on the application of OCTA in revealing retinal microvascular changes and its use in the management of NMOSD. The dynamic information on retinal blood flow provided by OCTA offers a scientific basis for formulating personalized treatment plans and complements traditional imaging techniques well. Further exploration of its necessity and potential value in the application within NMOSD is warranted.