重症肌无力（myasthenia gravis，MG）患者大约有15%～20%发展成为重症肌无力危象，累及呼吸肌， 出现咳嗽无力、呼吸困难，不能维持正常通气功能。早期评估MG患者呼吸肌功能有助于为发生肌无力危 象风险判断提供依据。膈肌是人体主要的呼吸肌，检查膈肌功能有利于早期评估MG患者呼吸功能。但以 往有关膈肌功能研究的文献尚缺乏有效整合。本文将从MG抗体影响因素、临床分型、发生膈肌功能障碍 的机制、表现、检查、诊断方法等方面进行归纳综述，为MG患者呼吸功能的深入研究和临床应用提供一定 的参考。

About 15% to 20% of patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) develop a myasthenic crisis, which involves the respiratory muscles, leading to weakness in coughing, difficulty breathing, and an inability to maintain normal ventilation. Early assessment of respiratory muscle function in MG patients helps provide a basis for judging the risk of developing a myasthenic crisis. The diaphragm is the main respiratory muscle, and examining diaphragmatic function is beneficial for early evaluation of respiratory function in MG patients. However, previous literature on diaphragmatic function research lacks effective integration. This article will summarize and review factors affecting MG antibodies, clinical classifications, mechanisms of diaphragmatic dysfunction occurrence, manifestations, examinations, diagnostic methods, etc., providing references for in-depth research and clinical applications of respiratory function in MG patients.