阿尔茨海默病（Alzheimer’s disease, AD）是常见的神经退行性疾病，目前尚缺乏有效治疗方法。近年 研究发现，腐胺作为多胺代谢的核心分子，在AD发生发展中扮演关键角色。本文系统综述了腐胺的神经 生物学功能及其在AD中的多重病理机制，包括促进Aβ沉积、诱发氧化应激与线粒体损伤、激活神经炎症 及导致突触功能障碍等多个方面。此外，文章还评估了以腐胺代谢为靶点的治疗策略，如抑制其合成关键 酶或补充有益多胺等在干预AD进程中的潜力与挑战。本研究为深入理解AD的代谢机制及开发针对多胺 系统的治疗手段提供了理论依据。

Abstract Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder for which effective treatments are still lacking. Recent studies have revealed that putrescine, as a central molecule in polyamine metabolism, plays a critical role in the onset and progression of AD. This review systematically summarizes the neurobiological functions of putrescine and its multifaceted pathological mechanisms in AD, including the promotion of Aβ deposition, induction of oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage, activation of neuroinflammation, and impairment of synaptic function. Additionally, the article evaluated therapeutic strategies targeting putrescine metabolism, such as inhibiting its key synthetic enzymes or supplementing beneficial polyamines, in terms of their potential and challenges in intervening with the AD process. This study provides a theoretical basis for a deeper understanding of the metabolic mechanisms of AD and the development of therapeutic approaches targeting the polyamine system.