糖尿病（diabetes mellitus，DM）是全球重要的公共卫生问题，其中以2型糖尿病（T2DM）负担最重。 我国 T2DM 患者已达 1.409 亿，位居全球首位。T2DM 患者常合并轻度认知功能障碍（mild cognitive impairment，MCI）。运动能够改善认知功能，从而预防老年痴呆。本文就不同类型的运动疗法改善T2DM 合并MCI患者认知功能的研究进展进行综述。

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major global public health issue, with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) posing the heaviest burden. China has the highest number of T2DM patients globally, totaling 140.9 million. Patients with T2DM often experience mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Exercise has been shown to improve cognitive function, thereby preventing Alzheimer's disease. This article reviews the research progress on the effects of various exercise therapies in improving cognitive function in patients with T2DM and MCI.