目的：探寻术中可用的周围神经功能束鉴别的方法。方法：分组制备SD大鼠双侧股神经主干、股 神经肌支及隐神经Sunderland V损伤模型，制备的Annexin V-碳量子点（Carbon quantum dots，CDs）抗体 复合物涂抹神经断端，在380 nm紫外灯激发光源照射下，5、10、15和20 min后在荧光显微镜下观察荧光 显色。 结果：SD大鼠双侧股神经主干、股神经肌支及隐神经Sunderland V损伤断端染色5 min荧光强度 不足以充分显示神经束；染色 10～15 min 强度明显增加，股神经主干的感觉束及隐神经在 Annexin V-CDs抗体复合物染色下呈蓝色荧光，股神经主干的运动束及股神经肌支无荧光显示；染色20 min后荧 光强度逐渐减弱。各分组组内样本染色5、10、15、20 min的染色强度无明显差异。结论：Annexin V-CDs 抗体复合物能够实现术中SD大鼠周围神经功能束的鉴别。

To explore a method to rapidly differentiate between the sensory and motor fascicles in peripheral nerves for clinical application. Methods: The Sunderland V injury model was induced in the bilateral femoral nerve trunk, the muscle branch of the femoral nerve and the saphenous nerve of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. The Annexin V-Carbon quantum dots (CDs) antibody complex was prepared and applied to the severed nerve ends. Fluorescence was assessed under a 380 nm UV light source at 5, 10, 15 and 20 minutes after staining under a fluorescence microscope. Results: The fluorescence intensity at 5 minutes was insufficient to fully display nerve bundles in the injured bilateral femoral nerve trunk, the muscle branch of the femoral nerve, and the saphenous nerve of SD rats. However, the intensity of staining increased significantly between 10 to 15 minutes, with the sensory fascicles of the femoral nerve trunk and saphenous nerve showing blue fluorescence upon Annexin V-CDs antibody complex staining, while no fluorescence was observed in the motor fascicles of the femoral nerve trunk or the muscle branch of the femoral nerve. The fluorescence intensity gradually decreased after 20 minutes. There were no significant differences in the staining intensity within each group at 5, 10, 15 or 20 minutes. Conclusion: The Annexin V-CDs antibody complex can be used to effectively distinguish sensory from motor fascicles in peripheral nerves intraoperatively in SD rats.