目的：探讨非高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（high density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-C）和HDL-C的比值与老 年轻型急性缺血性卒中（acute ischemic stroke，AIS）患者1年卒中复发风险之间的关系。 方法：通过西安卒 中登记研究数据库，连续收集患者入院时的总胆固醇、HDL-C及相关临床信息和确诊起3、6、12个月随访复 发性脑卒中事件。非HDL-C通过从总胆固醇中减去HDL-C来计算。非HDL-C/HDL-C比值分别按照连续 变量和四分位分组（Q1～Q4）处理。采用多因素Cox回归分析非HDL-C/HDL-C比值与老年轻型AIS患者 1年卒中复发风险之间的关系。并采用Kaplan-Meier法进行不同非HDL-C/HDL-C比值的1年卒中复发分 析。结果：研究共纳入老年轻型 AIS 患者 826 例。校正相关混杂因素后多因素 Cox 回归分析发现，非 HDL-C/HDL-C 比值每升高 1 个单位，1 年卒中复发的风险升高 54%（HR=1.54，95%CI 1.15～2.07，P= 0.004）。与Q1组相比，Q4组的1年卒中复发风险升高2.27倍（HR=3.27，95%CI 1.21～8.81，P=0.019），其他 组（Q2和Q3组）中1年卒中复发风险与Q1组差异无统计学意义。趋势检验显示，Q1～Q4组的1年复发风 险增加有显著性统计学意义（趋势检验P=0.004）。曲线拟合分析显示随着非HDL-C/HDL-C比值的升高，1 年卒中复发的风险逐步升高。四分组的K-M生存分析发现，与其他组相比，Q4组（≥3.58）的1年卒中复发 率明显升高。结论：非 HDL-C/HDL-C 比值升高是老年轻型 AIS 患者 1 年卒中复发的独立危险因素，非 HDL-C/HDL-C比值≥3.58可显著增加老年轻型AIS患者1年卒中复发的风险。

To investigate the relationship between the ratio of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and the risk of one-year stroke recurrence in elderly patients with mild acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Methods: Through the Xi’an Stroke Registry Research database, we continuously collected patients’total cholesterol, HDL-C, and related clinical information at the time of admission, as well as follow-up data on recurrent stroke events at 3, 6, and 12 months after diagnosis. Non-HDL-C was calculated by subtracting HDL-C from total cholesterol. The non-HDL-C/HDL-C ratio was analyzed both as a continuous variable and as quartile groups (Q1～Q4). Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to explore the relationship between the non-HDL-C/HDL-C ratio and the risk of one-year stroke recurrence in elderly patients with mild AIS. The Kaplan-Meier method was employed to analyze one-year stroke recurrence for different non-HDL-C/HDL-C ratios. Results: A total of 826 elderly patients with mild AIS were included in the study. After adjusting for relevant confounding factors, multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that for each unit increase in the non-HDL-C/HDL-C ratio, the risk of one-year stroke recurrence increased by 54% (HR=1.54, 95%CI 1.15～2.07, P=0.004). Compared to the Q1 group, the risk of one-year stroke recurrence was 2.27 times higher in the Q4 group (HR=3.27, 95%CI 1.21～8.81, P=0.019), while there was no statistically significant difference in the risk of one-year stroke recurrence between other groups (Q2 and Q3) and Q1. The trend test showed a significant statistical increase in one-year recurrence risk from Q1 to Q4 groups (trend test P=0.004). Curve fitting analysis indicated that as the non-HDL-C/HDL-C ratio increased, the risk of one-year stroke recurrence gradually rose. K-M survival analysis of the quartiles found that compared to other groups, the one-year stroke recurrence rate was significantly higher in the Q4 group (≥3.58). Conclusion: An elevated non-HDL-C/HDL-C ratio is probably an independent risk factor for one-year stroke recurrence in elder- ly patient with mild AIS, and a ratio ≥3.58 significantly increases the risk of one-year stroke recurrence in these patients.