理想的脑卒中后吞咽障碍动物模型可以有助于深度了解其生理和病理的发病过程，从而推动该疾病 研究的发展。不同类型的模型存在多样性，研究者可以根据其研究内容和实际需求来选择合适的动物模 型。目前常用的脑卒中后吞咽障碍动物模型造模方法包括光化学法、线栓法、结扎双侧颈总动脉法、Ⅶ型 胶原酶诱导右侧脑出血+损伤右侧舌下神经法。本文从实验动物的选择、理论依据、造模方法和模型特点 等方面对上述动物模型进行综述、比较其优缺点。与其他3种方法相比，光化学法具有高存活率、定点精准 损伤的特点，且在从细胞和分子水平上评估脑可塑性方面具有一定优势。

An ideal animal model of post-stroke dysphagia (PSD) can aid in deeply understanding its physiological and pathological processes, thus promoting the development of research on this disease. Different types of models exhibit diversity, allowing researchers to choose the appropriate animal model based on their research content and practical needs. Currently, common methods for creating animal models of PSD include photochemical induction, thread embolism, bilateral common carotid artery ligation, and type Ⅶ collagenase-induced right hemorrhage plus right hypoglossal nerve injury. This article provides an overview and comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of the above animal models in terms of experimental animal selection, theoretical basis, modeling methods, and model characteristics. Compared with the other three methods, the photochemical method has the characteristics of high survival rate and precise damage at specific sites, and it holds certain advantages in evaluating brain plasticity at the cellular and molecular levels.