孤独症谱系障碍是一类以社会交往、沟通困难、行为模式受限或重复为主要表现的心理发育障碍，其 病因与脑网络的异常模式有关。非侵入性脑刺激技术可以调节大脑皮质的激活，重塑孤独症谱系障碍患 者的脑网络，从而改善行为症状。本文总结了经颅磁刺激（transcranial magnetic stimulation，TMS）和经颅 直流电刺激（transcranial direct current stimulation，tDCS）2种非侵入性脑刺激技术对患者行为、认知、言语的 影响，评价了非侵入性脑刺激的临床应用前景。

Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) encompass a set of neurodevelopmental conditions marked by challenges in social interaction, communication, and by restricted or repetitive behaviors, with their etiology linked to atypical brain network patterns. Non-Invasive Brain Stimulation (NIBS) has been shown to influence cerebral cortex activation and reorganize brain networks in individuals with ASDs, leading to improvements in behavioral symptoms. This review explores the impact of two brain stimulation methods, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) and Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS), on behavior, cognitive functions, and speech in patients with ASDs, and assesses the potential for clinical applications of NIBS.