脑卒中幸存者常伴有不同程度的上肢运动功能障碍，导致患者独立生活受到不同程度的限制，恢复 上肢运动功能是重获日常生活活动能力的关键。经颅磁刺激（TMS）是一种无创神经调控技术，已广泛应用 于脑卒中康复。本文对TMS作用机制及不同模式TMS在脑卒中后上肢运动功能障碍的应用研究进展进行 综述。已经有较多证据支持重复经颅磁刺激（rTMS）改善上肢运动功能的疗效，而θ节律爆发式磁刺激 （TBS）及成对关联刺激（PAS）的研究较少，机制尚未明确且疗效争议较大。未来应进一步探索TMS治疗脑 卒中后上肢运动功能障碍的新靶点及最佳治疗参数，为脑卒中患者制定个性化的TMS治疗方案。

Survivors of stroke often have varying degrees of upper limb motor dysfunction, which limits their independence in daily life. Restoring upper limb motor function is crucial for regaining the ability to perform activities of daily living. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive neuromodulation technique that has become an important tool in stroke rehabilitation in recent years. This article reviews the progress in the application of different modes of TMS in the treatment of upper limb motor dysfunction after stroke, including the mechanism of action and therapeutic effects. There is substantial evidence supporting the efficacy of repetitive TMS (rTMS) in improving upper limb motor function, while there is limited research on theta burst stimulation (TBS) and paired associative stimulation (PAS), and their mechanisms are still unclear with controversies regarding their effectiveness. Future research should focus on exploring new targets and optimal treatment parameters for TMS in treating upper limb motor dysfunction after stroke, in order to develop personalized TMS treatment plans for stroke patients.