脑淀粉样血管病（cerebral amyloid angiopathy，CAA）是一种与年龄相关的脑小血管病，主要特征为淀 粉样物质在脑血管壁的沉积。近期研究认为，神经血管单元（neurovascular unit，NVU）功能障碍可能推动 CAA的发生与发展。本文将主要围绕CAA中NVU的直接与间接损害及NVU功能障碍相关的临床表现、 影像标志物等方面论述CAA与NVU功能障碍之间的关联，并探讨通过保护NVU的功能以减缓CAA的发 生和进展的可能性。

Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is a small cerebral vascular disease associated with aging, which is characterized by the excessive deposition of amyloid in cerebral vessels. Recent studies suggest that neurovascular unit (NVU) dysfunction may contribute to the development of CAA. This review will focus on the direct and indirect damage of NVU in CAA and the relationship between NVU and CAA from the aspects of clinical manifestations and imaging markers, it is hoped that by protecting the function of NVU, the occurrence and progress of CAA can be slowed down.