创伤性脑损伤（TBI）具有高发病率、高致残率、高致死率的特点。其治疗除处理颅脑损伤外，还需要关 注损伤后出现的一系列继发性损伤和并发症。肠道微生物群和中枢神经系统之间的双向信号通路，称为脑- 肠轴。研究证实，在TBI的继发性损伤中，存在具有双向调节作用的脑-肠轴，影响着TBI的进展与预后，但目 前关于脑-肠轴在TBI后的功能和机制尚未完全明确。本综述将对TBI后脑-肠轴的双向调节机理研究进展进 行总结分析。

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is characterized by high morbidity, high disability rate, and high mortality. In addition to treating intracranial injuries, treatment of TBI also requires attention to a series of secondary injuries and complications that occur after injury. The bidirectional signaling pathway between the intestinal microbiome and the central nervous system is known as the brain-gut axis. Research has confirmed that in the secondary injury of TBI, there exists a brain-gut axis with bidirectional regulation affecting the progression and prognosis of TBI, but the functional and mechanistic aspects of the brain-gut axis after TBI have not yet been fully clarified. This review will summarize and analyze the progress in research on the bidirectional regulation mechanism of the brain-gut axis after TBI.