目的：探究外周血中性粒细胞淋巴细胞比值（粒淋比）在中枢神经系统特发性炎性脱髓鞘疾病（IIDDs）中的临床意义。方法：收集在武汉同济医院确诊的中枢神经系统IIDDs患者81例纳入病例组，包括视 神经脊髓炎谱系疾病（NMOSD）23例，髓鞘少突胶质细胞糖蛋白抗体相关疾病（MOGAD）者19例，多发性 硬化（MS）25例，自身免疫性胶质纤维酸性蛋白星形细胞病（A-GFAP-A）14例；并选择同时期入院的非自身 免疫性神经系统疾病患者20例纳入对照组。收集2组患者的人口学数据及临床资料。采用扩展残疾状态 量表（EDSS）评分评估疾病严重程度。检测血常规，比较外周血粒淋比在对照组及各病例组的区别及其与 疾病严重程度的关系。结果：NMOSD 及 A-GFAP-A 患者的粒淋比高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P= 0.0184，0.0014）；MOGAD和MS患者的粒淋比与对照组差异无统计学意义（P=0.095，0.205）。各病例组患 者的粒淋比与入院时EDSS评分之间均无显著相关性（P＞0.05）。结论：粒淋比在NMOSD及A-GFAP-A中 会升高，但无法预测疾病的严重程度。

To explore the clinical significance of peripheral blood neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating diseases (IIDDs) of the central nervous system. Methods: The subjects comprising 81 IIDDs patients from Tongji Hospital in Wuhan included 23 neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) patients, 19 myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody associated diseases (MOGAD) patients, 25 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, 14 autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein astrocytopathy (A-GFAP-A) patients, and 20 non-inflammatory neurological disease patients as controls (CTLs). The Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) was used to assess disease severity, and routine blood testing was performed to compare the peripheral blood NLR between the control group and each case group. The relationship between NLR and disease severity was explored. Results: The NLR in patients with NMOSD (P=0.01844) and A-GFAP-A (P=0.0014) were significantly higher compared to the control group, while there was no significant difference in the NLR in patients with MOGAD (P=0.095) and MS (P=0.205) compared with the control group. There was no correlation between EDSS scores and NLR (P>0.05) . Conclusion: NLR is elevated in patients with NMOSD and A-GFAP-A, while no association was found between NLR and disease severity.