目的：调查酒精使用障碍（AUD）患者的认知功能损害及相关影响因素。方法：选择AUD患者33例为 AUD组，33例健康人为正常对照组。采用心理旋转任务和MATRICS公认认知成套测验（MCCB）进行认知 功能检测，使用逐步线性回归分析探讨 AUD 患者心理旋转功能损害的影响因素。结果：正常对照组与 AUD组在连线测验（TMT）（t=－3.106，P<0.01)、符号编码（BACS）（t=－4.403，P<0.01）、字母编号 Span （LNS）（t=－6.945，P<0.01）、迷宫测验（NAB）（t=－6.740，P<0.01）、简易视觉空间记忆测验-修订版（BVMT-R） （t=－6.218，P<0.01）和认知总分 Comp（t=－4.665，P<0.01）之间差异均有统计学意义。2 组在心理旋转任 务中正确反应时（t=6.904，P<0.01）、错误反应时（t=4.836，P<0.01）、错误个数（t=2.291，P<0.01）及正确率 （t=－4.350，P<0.01）差异均有统计学意义。Spearman相关分析显示心理旋转与MCCB显著相关。逐步线 性回归分析显示BVMT-R是心理旋转功能损害的重要相关因素（t=－2.387，P=0.024）。结论：AUD患者心 理旋转存在缺陷，这种缺陷与视觉空间记忆功能的损害有关。

To investigate the impairment of cognitive function and its influencing factors in patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD). Methods: Total 33 AUD patients were enrolled to AUD group and 33 healthy subjects were enrolled to control group. The mental rotation task and MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) were used to assess cognitive function, and the influencing factors of impaired mental rotation ability in AUD patients were analyzed by linear regression. Results: There were statistically significant differences between the control group and AUD group in the Trail Making Test (TMT) (t=－ 3.106, P<0.01), Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia-Symbol Coding (BACS) (t=－4.403, P<0.01), Letter-Number span test (LNS) (t=－ 6.945, P<0.01), Neuropsychological Assessment Battery (NAB) (t=－ 6.740, P<0.01), Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised (BVMT-R) (t=－6.218, P<0.01), and Composite Score (Comp) (t=－4.665, P<0.01). There were statistically significant differences between the two groups in correct reaction time (t= 6.904, P<0.01), incorrect reaction time (t=4.836, P<0.01), number of errors (t=2.291, P<0.01), and accuracy (t= －4.350, P<0.01) in the mental rotation task. Spearman correlation showed a significant correlation between mental rotation and MCCB. Linear regression analysis showed that BVMT-R was an important influencing factor associated with the impairment of mental rotation ability (t=－ 2.387, P=0.024). Conclusion: Mental rotation is impaired in AUD patients, and this impairment is associated with impaired visuospatial memory.