目的：探讨NLRP3在匹罗卡品致癫痫大鼠模型中海马齿状回的表达及作用。方法：大鼠64只，随机选 取12只为对照组，其余大鼠建立氯化锂-匹罗卡品癫痫模型，造模成功后随机分为1 d、7 d、14 d、28 d组，每组 12只。ELISA检测大鼠血清IL-1β、TNF含量；免疫组化、RT-PCR检测大鼠海马组织齿状回NLRP3、Caspase-1 在癫痫造模后不同时间点的表达水平。结果：7 d、14 d、28 d 组血清中 IL-1β、TNF 的含量较对照组高（P< 0.01），且28 d组最高，高于其他组（P<0.01）；7 d、14 d、28 d组大鼠海马组织齿状回NLRP3、Caspase-1平均光 密度，海马组织NLRP3、Caspase-1 mRNA表达均高于对照组（P<0.01），且28 d组最高，高于其他组（P<0.01）。 结论：在慢性自发性癫痫形成过程中，NLRP3、Caspase-1在大鼠模型海马齿状回中表达升高，可能与激活炎症 反应有关。

To explore the effect of NLRP3 on the hippocampal dentate gyrus in the pilocarpine-induced rat epilepsy model. Methods: Twelve rats were randomly selected from 64 adult SD rats as controls, and the others were induced by lithium-pilocarpine to create the epilepsy model. After model establishment, the rats were randomly divided into the 1 d, 7 d, 14 d, and 28 d groups (n=12 per group). The serum levels of IL-1β and TNF were detected with ELISA. The expression of NLRP3 and Caspase-1 in the hippocampal dentate gyrus was measured with immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR. Results: The serum levels of IL-1β and TNF in the 7 d, 14 d, and 28 d group rats were higher than those in control group rats (P<0.01), and that of the 28 d group was highest among all groups (P<0.01). The average optical density and mRNA expression of NLRP3 and Caspase-1 in the hippocampal dentate gyrus of 7 d, 14 d, and 28 d group rats were higher than those in control group rats (P<0.01), and that of the 28 d group was highest among all groups (P<0.01). Conclusion: Expression of NLRP3 and Caspase-1 increased in the hippocampal dentate gyrus of pilocarpine-induced model rats during the progression of chronic spontaneous epilepsy. This may be associated with activation of the inflammatory response.