目的：探究毛蕊异黄酮对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用机制。方法：将80只SD大鼠随机分为假 手术组（sham）、缺血再灌注组（I/R）、低剂量组、中剂量组、高剂量组。在造模前14 d，低剂量组、中剂量组、高 剂量组分别腹腔注射5 mg/(kg·d)、10 mg/(kg·d)、20 mg/(kg·d)毛蕊异黄酮，sham组和I/R组等量注射二甲基 亚砜，随后建立脑缺血再灌注模型，24 h后评估大鼠神经功能评分，计算脑梗死体积及脑含水量，测定脑组 织中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和丙二醛( MDA)的含量及NF-κB表达量。结果：低剂量组、中剂量组、高剂量 组的神经功能评分、脑梗死体积、脑含水量随着毛蕊异黄酮浓度升高而降低，以高剂量组下降最为明显（P< 0.05或P<0.01），均低于I/R组（P<0.05或P<0.01）。低剂量组、中剂量组、高剂量组的脑组织中SOD活性显著 高于I/R组（P<0.01），MDA水平显著低于I/R组（P<0.01）；低剂量组、中剂量组、高剂量组的SOD活性随着毛 蕊异黄酮浓度的增加而升高（P<0.05或P<0.01），低剂量组、中剂量组、高剂量组的MDA水平随着毛蕊异黄 酮浓度升高而降低（P<0.05或P<0.01）。与I/R组相比，低剂量组、中剂量组、高剂量组的NF-κB的表达显著 下调（P<0.01）；低剂量组、中剂量组、高剂量组的NF-κB的表达随着毛蕊异黄酮浓度升高而下调，以高剂量 组下调最为明显（P<0.05或P<0.01）。结论：毛蕊异黄酮对大鼠脑缺血再灌注损伤具有保护作用。

To explore the protective mechanism of calycosin on cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury in rats. Methods: Eighty SD rats were randomly divided into the groups sham operation, ischemia/ reperfusion (I/R), low-dose, medium-dose and high-dose. Fourteen days before model establishment, the rats of low-dose, middle-dose, and high-dose groups were intraperitoneally injected with 5 mg/(kg·d), 10 mg/(kg·d), and 20 mg/(kg·d) calycosin, respectively; the sham and I/R group rats were injected with an equal amount of dimethyl sulfoxide. Next the cerebral ischemia and reperfusion models were constructed. Twenty-four hours later, the neurological function score of rats was evaluated, the cerebral infarction volume and brain water content were calculated, and the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content and NF-κB expression in the brain tissue were determined. Results: The neurological function score, cerebral infarction volume, and brain water content of the low-dose, medium-dose, and high-dose groups decreased with the increase of calycosin concentration, with the high-dose group showing the most significant decrease (P<0.05 or P<0.01), and all showed lower values than the I/R group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The SOD activity in the brain tissue of the low-dose, medium-dose, and high-dose groups was significantly higher than that of the I/R group (P< 0.01), and the MDA level was significantly lower than that of the I/R group (P<0.01); the SOD activity of the low-dose, medium-dose, and high-dose groups increased with the increase of calycosin concentration (P<0.05 or P<0.01); the MDA level of the low-dose, medium-dose, and high-dose groups decreased with the increase of calycosin concentration (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Compared with the I/R group, the expression of NF-κ B in the low-dose, medium-dose, and high-dose groups was significantly down-regulated (P<0.01); the expression of NF-κB in the low-dose, medium-dose, and high-dose groups was down-regulated with the increase of calycosin concentration, with the high-dose group showing the most significant down-regulation (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusion: Calycosin has protective effects in cerebral ischemia reperfusion rats.