目的：探讨剪切波弹性成像（SWE）技术评价2型糖尿病伴周围神经病变（DPN）患者胫神经病变的可 行性。方法：选取2型糖尿病伴DPN患者30例（DPN组），2型糖尿病不伴周围神经病变患者30例（非DPN 组）；健康志愿者30例为对照组。取内踝上方4 cm处获取胫神经横断面图像，测量其横截面积（CSA），再获 取其长轴切面行SWE检测胫神经弹性模量，分别比较各组参数的差异。结果：与对照组比较，DPN组的胫 神经CSA明显增粗（P<0.001），非DPN组的胫神经CSA与对照组比较无统计学意义（P>0.05）。DPN组的胫 神经硬度（93.5±13.6）kPa，明显高于非DPN组及对照组（P<0.001），非DPN组的胫神经硬度（54.7±10.6）kPa， 明显高于对照组（P<0.001）。结论：SWE能为临床早期诊断DPN提供参考。

To discuss the feasibility of shear wave elastography (SWE) in evaluating the tibial nerve in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Methods：The study included 30 diabetic patients with DPN, 30 diabetes without DPN, and 30 healthy volunteers as the control group. The tibial nerve cross-sectional image was obtained at 4 cm proximal to the medial malleolus, and the cross-sectional area (CSA) was measured. SWE was used to detect the elastic modulus of the tibial nerve. Differences in the parameters between each group was compared. Results：Compared with the control group, the tibial nerve CSA of the DPN group was significantly increased (P<0.001) and the tibial nerve CSA of the non-DPN group was not statistically different (P>0.05). The tibial nerve stiffness values of the DPN group (93.5± 13.6) kPa was significantly higher than those of the non-DPN group and the control group (P<0.001), and the tibial stiffness values of the non-DPN group (54.7±10.6) kPa was significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.001). Conclusion：SWE technology can provide a reference for early diagnosis of diabetic peripheral neuropathy