迷走神经刺激（vagus nerve stimulation，VNS）作为一种经典的神经调控技术，既往主要用于药物难治
性癫痫、抑郁症等神经系统疾病的治疗，主要分为植入式VNS和经皮VNS。近年来，VNS在多项动物试验
中展现出其优良的抗炎作用，并在免疫介导疾病方面显示出新的应用前景。本文系统回顾了VNS治疗类
风湿关节炎、炎症性肠病等多种免疫性疾病的临床研究，分析其刺激方式及技术特点、临床疗效、作用机制
及安全性等。研究表明，VNS可通过胆碱能抗炎通路（cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway，CAP）、下丘脑-
垂体-肾上腺轴（hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal，HPA）及两者的交互作用，双重、双向调节免疫性疾病患者的
炎症反应，有效改善免疫性疾病患者的临床症状。本综述涵盖了VNS在神经免疫调节背景下对免疫性疾
病的治疗意义的研究，旨在为未来研究提供参考。
Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS), as a classic neurostimulation technique, has traditionally been used
for the treatment of drug-resistant epilepsy, depression, and other neurological disorders. It is mainly divided into
implantable VNS and transcutaneous VNS. In recent years, VNS has demonstrated excellent anti-inflammatory
effects in several animal studies and shown new potential applications in immune-mediated diseases. This article
systematically reviews clinical studies on VNS treatment for various immunological diseases, such as rheuma
toid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease, analyzing its stimulation methods and technical characteristics,
clinical efficacy, mechanisms of action, and safety. Evidence indicates that VNS exerts a dual, bidirectional regu
latory effect on inflammation among immune disease patients via parallel engagement of the cholinergic anti-in
flammatory pathway (CAP) and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, along with their crosstalk. Such
modulation significantly improves symptomatology. This comprehensive review examines the therapeutic poten
tial of VNS in neuroimmunological disorders, intending to serve as a reference framework for subsequent investi
gations.
PDF(662 KB)
