视神经脊髓炎谱系疾病（NMOSD）是一类中枢神经系统炎性脱髓鞘疾病，复发率、致残率高，预后相 对较差。研究表明，NMOSD的新型标志物可预测疾病的严重程度、临床发作以及监测治疗效果等。本文 对最新研究报道的NMOSD新型标志物相关文献进行综述，以期将来可通过临床检测相关特异标志物，实 现NMOSD的早期诊断、早期治疗。改善NMOSD患者的预后、减少伤残、预防复发。

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) is a kind of inflammatory demyelinating disease of central nervous system. It has high recurrence rate, high disability rate and poor prognosis. Studies have shown that the novel markers of NMOSD help to predict the severity and clinical onset of the disease and monitor the the rapeutic effect. In this review, literature on novel markers of NMOSD reported in recent studies was reviewed. Clinical detection of specific markers may help to diagnose and treat NMOSD earlier and improve the prognosis of patients with NMOSD.