目的：学习和讨论MOG抗体脑脊髓炎的临床特点、治疗方法及预后。方法：报道1例少见的MOG抗体 脑脊髓炎病例并复习相关文献。结果：该病例以癫痫为首发临床症状，影像学表现为皮质、深部灰质核团及 软脑膜受累，血清及脑脊液MOG抗体阳性，激素治疗后症状缓解明显。搜索既往MOG抗体脑脊髓炎病例报 道，检索出脑炎表现的成人患者病例61例。以急性播散性脑脊髓炎及脑干脑炎病例常见，治疗方法主要是免 疫治疗。结论：目前MOG抗体脑脊髓炎的病理机制尚不明确，临床特征、治疗及预后也存在不确定性。因 此，早期识别、及时治疗是获得更好预后的重要因素。

To study and discuss the clinical characteristic, treatment and prognosis of anti-MOG antibody associated demyelinating disease. Methods: A rare case of anti-MOG antibody associated encephalitis was reported and the related literature was reviewed. Results: Epilepsy was the first clinical symptom in this case. MRI showed involvement of cerebral cortex, deep gray matter and pia mater. The patient was positive for MOG antibody in serum and cerebrospinal fluid. The symptoms were relieved obviously after corticosteroid treatment. Searching for previous cases of MOG antibody encephalomyelitis, there were 61 adult patients with encephalitis. The most common clinical features were ADEM and brainstem encephalitis. At present, it is considered that the effective treatment is immunotherapy. Conclusion: The mechanism of MOG antibody encephalomyelitis is not clear, and the clinical features, treatment and prognosis are uncertain. Therefore, early identification and timely treatment are important factors for better prognosis.