抑郁症是一种常见的精神障碍，给患者及其家庭带来了巨大的痛苦和负担。近年来，脑机接口技术的 出现为抑郁症患者提供了一种非侵入性的干预方式。非侵入性脑机接口神经反馈训练是通过在训练中实 时监测大脑活动，并将其反馈给患者，让患者学会自我调节大脑活动的技术。本文综述了当前非侵入性脑 机接口神经反馈训练在抑郁症治疗中的临床应用，分析了其在神经递质调节、脑区功能重塑和神经可塑性 增强等方面的潜在机制。此外，本文还对当前临床应用非侵入性脑机接口神经反馈训练的局限性进行了简 述，助其更进一步地在抑郁症治疗中发挥更大的潜力。

Depression is a common mental disorder that causes significant suffering and burden to patients and their families. In recent years, the emergence of Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) technology has provided a non-invasive intervention for depression patients. Non-invasive BCI neurofeedback training involves real-time monitoring of brain activity during training and providing feedback to patients, enabling them to learn to self-regulate their brain activity. This review explores the current clinical applications of non-invasive BCI neurofeedback training in the treatment of depression and analyzes its potential mechanisms, including neurotransmitter regulation, brain region functional remodeling, and enhancement of neuroplasticity. In addition, the article also discusses the limitations of the current clinical applications of non-invasive BCI neurofeedback training, aiming to enhance its potential in the treatment of depression.