脑源性神经营养因子（brain-derived neurotrophic factor，BDNF）作为神经营养因子家族的重要成员， 广泛表达于中枢神经系统与外周组织中，在促进神经损伤修复的过程中发挥着关键作用。本文系统探讨 了BDNF在体内的动态平衡机制、对神经功能的调控机制、基因多态性对缺血性脑卒中运动功能恢复的影 响，以及BDNF表达的调节因素，旨在阐明BDNF在卒中后运动功能障碍治疗与康复中的核心作用，并展望 其临床应用前景。

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), as a crucial member of the neurotrophin family, is widely expressed in both the central nervous system and peripheral tissues, playing a pivotal role in promoting neural injury repair. This article systematically explores the in vivo homeostasis mechanisms of BDNF, its regulatory mechanisms regarding neurological function, the impact of gene polymorphisms on motor function recovery after ischemic stroke, and the factors regulating BDNF expression. It aims to elucidate the core role of BDNF in the treatment and rehabilitation of post-stroke motor dysfunction and to provide an outlook on its clinical application prospects.